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Stacks of Iranian rials and US dollars sit on a table in Tehran, Iran, on August 6, 2025. (Getty Images)
Middle East
Middle East
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Afghan people stand with food aid being distributed by a non-governmental organisation at a gymnasium in Kabul on January 17, 2023. (Wakil Koshar/AFP via Getty Images)
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(Screenshot via YouTube)
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Qin Gang meets with Bilawal Bhutto Zardari in Islamabad, Pakistan, on May 6, 2023. (Jiang Chao/Xinhua via Getty Images)
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The Israeli and United States flags are projected on the walls of the ramparts of Jerusalem's Old City on February 11, 2020. (Ahmad Gharabli/AFP via Getty Images)
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Iranian troops take part in a military parade during a ceremony marking the country's annual army day in the capital Tehran on April 18, 2023. (Atta Kenare/AFP via Getty Images)
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(Screenshot via YouTube)
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In Iraq on October 20, 2009. (Abdul Waqar via Flickr)
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An oil rig in the Iranian area of the Persian Gulf. (Stock Image)
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Iranian and Russian navies attend a joint military exercise in the Arabian Sea on February 17, 2021. (Iranian Army/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)
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Chinese President Xi Jinping and President of the Islamic Republic of Iran Ebrahim Raisi at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, China, on February 14, 2023. (Yan Yan/Xinhua via Getty Images)
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A SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket launch Complex 39A on NASA’s SpaceX Demo-2 mission to the International Space Station on May 30, 2020, at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Cape Canaveral, Florida. (Bill Ingalls via DVIDS)
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Chinese President Xi Jinping and Russian President Putin arrives at the Grand Kremlin Palace in Moscow, Russia, on March 21, 2023. (Contributor via Getty Images)
Experts
James Barnett
Research Fellow
Michael Doran
Senior Fellow and Director, Center for Peace and Security in the Middle East
