Harold Furchtgott Roth appears on Explain to Shane to discuss the historical reasons behind America’s rise—and subsequent decline—in spectrum innovation and the policy reforms necessary to restore American leadership in this vital area.

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President Donald Trump shakes hands with President of the European Commission Ursula von der Leyen as he announces a trade deal with the EU at Trump Turnberry golf club on July 27, 2025, in Turnberry, Scotland. (Andrew Harnik via Getty Images)